SELECT 
  * 
FROM 
  cscart_bm_locations as l 
  LEFT JOIN cscart_bm_locations_descriptions as d ON d.location_id = l.location_id 
  AND d.lang_code = 'ru' 
WHERE 
  l.layout_id = 1 
  AND l.dispatch IN ('pages.view') 
  AND (
    FIND_IN_SET(22, l.object_ids) 
    OR l.object_ids = ''
  ) 
ORDER BY 
  l.object_ids desc 
LIMIT 
  1

Query time 0.00041

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "cost_info": {
      "query_cost": "17.37"
    },
    "ordering_operation": {
      "using_filesort": true,
      "nested_loop": [
        {
          "table": {
            "table_name": "l",
            "access_type": "ALL",
            "rows_examined_per_scan": 68,
            "rows_produced_per_join": 1,
            "filtered": "1.47",
            "cost_info": {
              "read_cost": "15.97",
              "eval_cost": "0.20",
              "prefix_cost": "16.17",
              "data_read_per_join": "232"
            },
            "used_columns": [
              "location_id",
              "dispatch",
              "is_default",
              "layout_id",
              "object_ids",
              "custom_html",
              "position"
            ],
            "attached_condition": "((`db_emaika1`.`l`.`layout_id` = 1) and (`db_emaika1`.`l`.`dispatch` = 'pages.view') and (find_in_set(22,`db_emaika1`.`l`.`object_ids`) or (`db_emaika1`.`l`.`object_ids` = '')))"
          }
        },
        {
          "table": {
            "table_name": "d",
            "access_type": "eq_ref",
            "possible_keys": [
              "PRIMARY"
            ],
            "key": "PRIMARY",
            "used_key_parts": [
              "location_id",
              "lang_code"
            ],
            "key_length": "10",
            "ref": [
              "db_emaika1.l.location_id",
              "const"
            ],
            "rows_examined_per_scan": 1,
            "rows_produced_per_join": 1,
            "filtered": "100.00",
            "cost_info": {
              "read_cost": "1.00",
              "eval_cost": "0.20",
              "prefix_cost": "17.37",
              "data_read_per_join": "240"
            },
            "used_columns": [
              "location_id",
              "lang_code",
              "name",
              "title",
              "meta_description",
              "meta_keywords"
            ],
            "attached_condition": "<if>(is_not_null_compl(d), (`db_emaika1`.`d`.`location_id` = `db_emaika1`.`l`.`location_id`), true)"
          }
        }
      ]
    }
  }
}